Copia 15-9066-Basantes 3

Inferential Statistics of Virtual Violence as Emotional Blackmail; case study: Digital Sexuality 2.0

Estadística Inferencial de la Violencia Virtual como Chantaje Emocional; caso de estudio: Sexualidad Digital 2.0

Basantes Valverde, W., Astudillo Condo, D. y Allauca Sandoval, N. (2026). Inferential Statistics of Virtual Violence as Emotional Blackmail; case study: Digital Sexuality 2.0. Universidad & ciencia, 15(2), e9066.

Introduction: this Article summarizes the relationship between the Paradigm of Virtual Violence and Emotionality. It, likewise, argues that Multimedia and Cyberspace should not act as components of Online Crime; even less so, as elements of Emotional Blackmail. Objective: to institute actions, such as repositories, in favor of Society 2.0 and to establish technological concepts by bringing Internet addiction into vogue as an everyday problem. Method: based on qualitative information, rules for Digital Sexuality 2.0 were parameterized and conditioning factors of Information Security were provided as reducing its penalties; stimulating a Culture of Peace and Strengthening Rational coexistence. Results: an analogous Sexualization was established, through Big Data procedures and by being part of Social Cognition, noting Emotional Strategies within Sexual Education. Conclusion: it is limited to technological equilibrium, as a tendency, within the Philosophical Current of ‘Good Living’.

Introducción: en este Artículo se compendia la relación entre el Paradigma de la Violencia Virtual y la Emocionalidad. Asimismo, que la Multimedia y el Ciberespacio no actúen como componentes de la Delincuencia Online; menos aún, que aparezcan dentro del chantaje emocional. Objetivo: instituir acciones, como repositorios, en favor de la Sociedad 2.0 y establecer conceptos tecnológicos al poner en boga la adicción a Internet como problema cotidiano. Método: con base a la información cualitativa, se parametrizaron las directrices de la Sexualidad Digital 2.0 y se proporcionaron factores condicionantes de la Seguridad Informática como reductores de sus consecuencias; estimulando la Cultura de Paz y fortaleciendo la convivencia racional. Resultados: se estableció una Sexualización afín, mediante procesos Big Data y al formar parte de la Cognición Social, advirtiendo Estrategias Emocionales dentro de la Educación Sexual. Conclusión: se circunscribió al equilibrio tecnológico, como predisposición, dentro de la Corriente Filosófica del ‘Buen Vivir’.

Introduction

This research explored the Technological Paradigm of the New Era: just, Virtual Violence. This, frequently, involves Emotional Blackmail (EB), serves as a preamble to the paradox of Digital Sexuality 2.0 and becomes a dichotomy. Then, Literature review was conducted and online resources were consulted; this, proved fundamental to the development of this paper when citing sources from portals such as SciELO and DOAJ. Furthermore, Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) guarantee, through cross-referencing, the research Objective and Hypothesis.

The recurring cyber approach, imparted by cloud-based Digital Culture, consists of developing large-scale technological projects. Consequently, the need for this Study Stems from its being a tool capable of supporting the healthy development of current Generations; Z case. Pitifully, there is no ideal method for encouraging the prevention of Internet misuse; a topic that is commonplace. Therefore, this is where the Objective of Study arises and some Virtual Paradigms emerge; such as Violence. Some of this Violence stems from Cybercrime and video games. In other words, as an aspect of this Research Topic and when simulating a Violent Situation, an individual can possess all kinds of weapons; the Bibliography is consistent with its development. But under the pretext of self-defense, they premeditate Aggression and unfortunately, this is where the EB comes into play; using Chat Rooms as communication platforms (Madan et al., 2026; Srivastava et al., 2025).

Materials and Methods

The Social Media and Instant Messaging are becoming, increasingly, dominant in the issue of violence; so, relationships and gender are the most affected. Thus, when we talk about Gender-based Violence, it originates from both sexes; not just from men as is often argued. At the same time, it manifests as the Pernicious Domination of one person over another; Psychological or Physical. Subsequently, through a Documentary Analysis, abuse against women is expressed through the Degradation of their Honor and the insult to their image; in this, the Judicial System infrequently acts. But it always does when an individual is Violated Online and even more so when it causes emotional harm; as in case of depression or bipolar disorder. This becomes, harmful when Erotic Material is hosted online by Narrow-Minded Individuals; such as ex-partner’s. These people, taking advantage of a failed relationship, usually do so for revenge and this is interpreted as an affront to the Victim's Integrity. Furthermore, this can create Inferiority Complexes (IC) and Avoidant Personality Disorder (APED); creating aggression within their Social Circle (SC) and impacting their personality.

This is exactly the moment, when sentimentality fades and paranoia take its toll on the Victim; causing low self-esteem. Consequently, Erotic Multimedia content in the cloud is seen as an automobile for promoting Sexual harassment and Digitalization is considered a harmful phenomenon; mainly, when Impulsive. It is precisely here, when personal information is falsified and attacks are fabricated. Subsequently, this happens due to the impossibility of filing formal complaints with a legal body. This confirms that Cybercrimes and their geographical reach are undeniable; that covers vast territories. In theory, the legal framework should keep pace with technological advancements; but it doesn't always do so (Shcherbiak et al., 2023; Tukur et al., 2024; Dong et al., 2024). Furthermore, the Dissemination of Concepts does not alter their Fundamental Nature. Consequently, since Cybercrime occurs daily, it affects members of Society and does not strengthen their Emotional Affiliation. Moreover, the challenge remains to find a clear way to eradicate Online Violence (OV). However, this appears to be a Complex Task and its implementation will take time; particularly, considering the limited efforts already underway to eliminate it. Whereby, Organization of American States (OAS) formulates some rules through strategic planning; even, resorting to Legal Sanctions (LS). So, in South America, Brazil is the only country that leads in this area; basing its approach on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).

For this reason, projects are being applied aimed at the Social Rehabilitation of Victims of OV; these plans focus on Internet addiction and its underlying Psychological Causes. In other words, is how a variety of projects in the area of Sociodemographic Crime are consolidated; these projects have an emphasis on Social Behavior. Clearly, the idea arose that OV is a method of EB and it was revealed that, in addition to being Abuse, it is perceived as the Negative Behavior of a person who does not meet Social Expectations. Hence, it was observed that this condition is conducive to expansion, it is considered inadequate and an action that does not generate fear is required. That is, the offensive way of acquiring Emotional Slaves must be denounced and epithets used to Conceal Passive Attitudes (CPA) must be circumvented. So, this is the moment when Manipulation turns into Blackmail and Emotionality Acts as an involuntary Factor within the dissatisfaction; principally, when discontent increases and there is a limiting sense of emptiness that is frustrating.

But the recursive reach of OV within the Emotional Landscape of Contemporary Society can be inferred; this, was done using a Method founded on OQ. It then begins with procedures for addressing such Negative Acts and Emotional State, Manipulation case, which demonstrate a perpetrator's skills; in this respect, caution is fundamental (Caponnetto et al., 2024; Duan and Cao, 2024). Similarly, in a literal sense, Tolerance and Deference manifest themselves as flattery. At that moment, the Family plays a vital role in this; since parents are the Architects of Actions (ARA) for or against their lineage. Then, freeing oneself from an Emotional Blackmailer (EMBLA) is no easy job; as much or more than Decision Manipulation Programs (DMP) to alter behavior. Consequently, this supports its defense and Achieves Reciprocity (AR) as a Hidden Card. Also, as a Negative Ability, it becomes the Automation of Inappropriate Emotional responses that, need training. Thus, the EB victim must be prepared when these incidents occur; taking into account self-control (Liu et al., 2023). It is, as advantage, that there are protective laws governed by International Humanitarian Law (IHL), which provide assistance and establish protection; Forced Inclusion case. But this is true if, Aggression is eradicated from the perspective of Sexting as a reference point within the Pornographic World and femicide as its Initial Characteristic; such as murder of a woman for reasons of Gender and Misogyny. Subsequently, the task of eliminating OV is commendable by activating Legal Mechanisms; case of Computer Crimes.

This, is the precise moment when the EMBLA finds advantages in its actions; disregarding dignity and displaying a superiority complex. Visibly, this is how a person's vulnerability is affected through threats; causing emotional damage that hinders their psychological well-being and, however, EB often begins at a Young Age. Meanwhile, from Childhood, imitate family's bad behavior, adopting it as a Role Model and fostering harmful habits. But the impact of childhood traumas, mainly on emotional development, is the culmination of family wounds.

This process, in turn, revives the regulation of Neuronal Connectivity and falls within the Clinical Domain. Too, when Psychological Violence occurs in a dysfunctional home and the Victim does not overcome this pattern, they develop Defense Strategies in the Social Atmosphere.

Furthermore, “…an Individual’s Behavior becomes noticeable when, at certain times, it turns aggressive; in this situation, the Victim’s distress is undeniable and their rejection is palpable” (Tertereanu et al., 2023, p. 552). Likewise, sometimes, it is the Victim themselves who accepts the Act; causing their self-esteem to decline and the Abuse to escalate exponentially. So, if we focus on the Emotional Characteristic (EC), it becomes clear that EMBLA attributes past mistakes to the Victim; considering that, in the case of the man a failed relationship and in the case of the woman a previous sexual experience. At the same time, Hypothesize that they have emotionally analyzed their victim and found weaknesses to exploit. But, if they do not achieve their goal, they react with Irritation and Manipulate other individuals using Negative Emotions; case as guilt. This translates into a higher likelihood of developing Anxiety Disorders and early Behavioral Problems that can lead to criminal conduct in Adulthood. Subsequently, this becomes a comparative attitude between their Emotional Attention and Posture. Also, the principle of Affective Causality (AFC) was merely the prolog and understood as the sentimentality of Atrocious Behavior; it is then, that an EMBLA assumes roles similar to those of a chameleon.

But then, in any social environment, there are conditioning factors that favor and develop the individual; these are the initial and final. Thus, in some cases, they are the elements that reduce the effects of conditions. For ex., a Family that has a Contingency plan for the care of their Adolescent Children. Like this, the usefulness of this procedure in the face of danger is confirmed. So, not everyone possesses these principles and their absence can lead to Violent Consequences. Likewise, these Factors cause the individual to change their personality; predominantly, their character. But we should not consider existential Philosophy as a principle and think that we are unique. Then, it is when “…individual Factors are responsible for stopping Social Violence and skills help the Integral Development of the person; naturally, within a Non-Homogeneous Group” (Spencer et al., 2024, p. 253). Too, this helps to cope with adverse circumstances and contributes to eradicating Violence through Protective Analysis (PA).

But this Culture, as part of the Social Community, must exert control over human beings and must crystallize as a Participatory Collective. In other words, it is imperative that members of Society be educated to acquire the necessary skills so that they can act as Peaceful intermediaries. Whereby, the application of Social Factors, both within and outside the Immediate Environment, contributes to Improved Coexistence. Also, these factors project specific elements that support the functional relationships persons develop with their surroundings. So, one classification would consist of distinguishing between External and Internal Factors. Obviously, the first refers to the Environmental Conditions in which the person lives, reduces the probability of harm in the presence of Family members and helps Integration; these attributes foster Empathy, Familiarity and Solidarity. Factors capable of eradicating OV can be subdivided into Primary and Secondary. At that point, the first analyzes Environmental Responsibility (ER) and the second includes other Factors over which the first has no control; much less, Influence. This is understandable and for an environment to become protective against Violence it is necessary to optimize available resources; considering the collective Factors within a context of Socialization, as it is a condition shared by the Community that transcends Cultural Actions. Consequently, a supportive social environment plays a privileged role in neutralizing risk Factors (Tronto, 2026).

Results and Discussion

The Natural Aspect of Human beings give rise to the Genetics of Culture in Sex Education (SE). This means that each individual, being a Social Entity, possesses an Identity. Then, it is undeniable that, "…the Characteristics of Action (CHC) exist and in a Pluralistic Society (PS) are projected within the Paradigm of the Emotional Worldview (EW); establishing links between Affectivity and its Conceptual Framework" (Nikolko, 2024, p. 85). This materializes, when the Sexual Space (SSP) offers information about Emotional States (EMS) and even when Mental Representation (MR) is in accord with Digitization to become hallmark of a Virtual Relationship (VR) and the dangers that this entails; on the other hand, Mental Channels (MCH) help with Socialization.

Therefore, this is correct if “…the Knowledge Society (KS) maintains stimulation, the Metamorphosis of thought and technology that Expels Negativity (EXN). Likewise, a person's Dogmatic Characteristics (DC) germinate and cause vicissitudes; since fact that we no longer live in Prehistory” (Tinh et al., 2025, p. 70). Later, too, the concept emerged that Homo Sapiens is a specimen incapable of Programming Reason in the Digital Age. Much worse, when Rationality ignores the Structure of the Logic of thought and is not based on the Reflective Aspect (Szewczyk, 2023). Hence, harmoniously as argument, a person's Sexual Orientation (SOR) is appreciated and integrated with their expression. At that moment, those who support Sexualization perceive the benefits of their individuality and groups develop spheres in hunt of their Social Equilibrium (SEQ) (Ozgun and Capri, 2023). Subsequently, Pattern Methodology (PM) should be used to obtain Quantitative Information (QI) within the framework of Inferential Statistics (INST) and for this purpose, a Formal Analysis of the Ecuadorian university context set in the mountainous region was carried out. Likewise, the Target Population (TP) of the survey consisted of Undergraduate students, Bachelor's and Engineering students, belonging to public and private Universities. So, students were required to be regular users of the World Wide Web (WWW) and those committed to their institution were considered suitable for field research. Then, for Big Data (BID) tabulation1, the Arbitration Process proved difficult. But it allowed for an understanding of the consequences of DS 2.0, the youth mindset and the segments involved. Also, as a Descriptive Methodology, this is crucial given that the digital divide contributes to the underutilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). At that extract, defining Variables, the behavior of University Students and the Frequency of their Actions are labelled; mainly, within their Educational Environment (EDE).

Thus, for survey, TP was considered for Academic Period II2 [04/2025;09/2025]. Later then, this research focused on 10 University: 7 Publics (11569 individuals) and 3 Privates (4869). Then, at that instant, as shown in Figure 1, Sample (n) was calculated in 376. For this, it was vital to establish the Population (N=7pub+3pri) in 16438 persons and Confidence Level (Z) in 95 %≡1.96. Also, the Probability of Occurrence (p) in 51 %=0.51, Probability of Non-Occurrence (q=100-p) in 49 %=0.49 and Margin of Error (e) in 5 %=0.05

Parameters for Calculating the Sample using Data from a Finite and Known Population

Evidently, Web Tools were used for measurement; such as Google Forms. So, as shown in Figure 2, the management of Online Questionnaires (OQ) was significant; much more, being in Digital Format (DF).

Digital Sexuality 2.0 form and the Impact of the Internet on Ecuadorian students

Then, as Research Questions (RQ) and in accord with Objectives, for Statistical Tabulation (ST) and based on the Likert Scale (LS), the collected data were considered within the Systematic Approach (SA); see Table 1. At that point, the students' opinions are truthful and the evidence represents QI.

Therefore, as a Scientific Result and based on Patterns, the peak has a Relative Systematic Occurrence (RSO) in [11;14] points, the Absolute Dispersion in the Range of [4;339] points and Skewness in 204 points; apart, from the Atypicality in 46 points. Defining Distribution by Linearized Sinusoidal Regression (LSRE) and each interval by a Periodic Variation Range (PVR). Then, applying the Central Limit (CLI), it is observed that they are Non-Uniform Segments and the Data project 2D Parametric Arcs.

Hence, such as Validation and Parametric Distribution, with Symmetrical Biases (SB), the Scale reveals Inferential Curves that provide valid QI. In this background, the fit fluctuates within a Range, is represented by Curves and its Variation is established in peaks with respect to the positive X-axis; see Figure 3.

The following Unit presents the Interpretive Data Analysis (IDAN). This analysis provides answers to 10 questions based on a Likert Scale (1=None to 5=Completely) along with the 376 responses for every question. Hence, within a Global Analysis (GA), it was possible to calculate Total Percentage and Average Percentage (AP) for each option; 1=19.1 %, 2=11.3 %, 3=12.9 %, 4=17.5 %, 5=39.2 %. Also, as Statistical Biases (STB), certain Questions dedicated to INST were applied; projecting the Objectives. A Cluster Analysis of Questions (CAQ) was used to determine whether the responses showed a preference for High Values (4-5) versus Low Values (1-2) or whether the differences between Questions were significant and not due to chance. Thus, based on Likert and Sample N, Information Analysis (INAN) confirmed the proportions (e.g., comparison of 4-5 vs 1-2) and how Response Distribution (REDI) differed from the questions; analyzing, intervals if dealing with Numerical Scales such as Moderate-High Tendencies. At that instant, IDAN was detailed simply and the result was, comfortably, interpreted; perceptibly, within the general preference for High Responses (4 and 5). The Average Observation (AOB) was 56.7 % (17.5 %+39.2 %) and the total responses, 30.4 % (19.1 %+11.3 %). At that time, the Practical Interpretation (PRI), with a Sample N=376, was sufficiently large. Then, is coherent to conclude that, given the Reverse Trend (RET), respondents tended to choose Positive Options (PO), Much/Completely, more than Negative; ones as evidenced by the high number of selections. Hence, in Question 1, 90.1 % opted for number 5 (Completely), while in the Question 3, 61.9 % picked 1, leaning towards ‘None’ and in Question 10: 55.7 % also chose 1. Similarly, for these questions, PRI had a marked tendency and from the Inferential Perspective, with High Confidence, the Population P to which the respondents belong was seeming at very High or very Low Levels. It should be noted that several Questions received extreme responses; contributing to the strength of the findings. However, it is unknown whether these differences are real or not and given the Sample Size, large changes were views (e.g., 90 % vs 2 % in Question 1 vs Question 3). Hence, these differences would be Statistically Significant if tested using Chi-Square Test or a Comparison of Proportions. Then, at that literal, PRI confirms that the Questions did not receive the same answers; with variation among them. That is, not all received the same response; some were highly valued and others were not (this does not appear to be coincidence). Thus, the Uncertainty Estimate (UES) comes from a distinguished Proportion P with N=376 and Standard Error (STE) is small. Example: if P=0.39 (39 %), the approximate 95 % Confidence Interval (COIN) would be 39 % ±4.9 %, noting that the true proportion in Population would be between ~34 % and ~44 %. Following, when we say that 39 % choose option 5, Population P is within ±5 percentage points. Later, as a reference, Questions with very High or Low response rates should be identified in order to take specific measures. However, if the aim is to compare Subgroups, a T-Test3 must be performed. To such an extent that, as a Summary of Key Findings, the percentage for each option in the Question should be displayed in color and accompanied by the note: ‘With N=376, the differences are Statistically Reliable’; ensuring, there are no Missing Values. Last of all, it is crucial to Conduct Tests (CTE) to confirm whether the questions differ from each other and calculate the COIN for each option.

Conclusions

Regarding OV and its relationship to Emotional Well-being, it is worth noting that Young People's self-esteem is deteriorating. But it is rarely reported and the Judicial System does not address this problem; in other words, persists and is addictive. While it is true that the OAS is taking measures, these are insufficient; it is then, that the EB emerges with threats and the EMBLA carries out its Psychological Events. In fact, it is when IHL establishes guidelines to address such problems and the measures imposed prove effective; promoting stimulation rather than introversion with regard to negativity of self-awareness.

Also, regarding the Influence of Sexualization and its Online Environment, there are Conditioning Factors that mitigate its effects. Consequently, Individual Factors are considered responsible for preventing Violence by promoting Culture of Peace. But the Factors capable of eradicating Youth Hostility are collective and for this, it is essential to consider the experiences within their Micro-Context; using the concept of ‘Good Life’ as ‘Quality of Life’. At that moment, the Socialization Process is connected with Macro-Systemic Factors, their behavior and resources.

Besides, in the context of DS 2.0 and as principle of Emotional Strategy, Cultural Terms in SE are limited; above all, if there are Misinformation and Taboos. Thus, a PS is capable of providing Knowledge about EMS and Digitalization as standard-bearer of Virtuality; creating Cognition. At that instant, DC are embodied in Community Attitudes and shape currents of Reflective Thought; these are instituted through ST in QI. Hence, an individual's SOR is valued and those who contribute to their uniqueness are known; in turn, they fight against misunderstood Cultural Assimilation, support their Rights and accept their Social Inclusion.

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	Universidad & ciencia
	Vol. 15, No. 2, mayo-agosto, (2026)
	ISSN: 2227-2690 RNPS: 2450
	Universidad de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

	Weighting (Likert Scale)										Total (I)
	1		2		3		4		5
	None		Few		Moderate		Much		Completely
	Ans	%	Ans	%	Ans	%	Ans	%	Ans	%	Ans	%
Question 1	11	2.9	10	2.6	4	1.1	12	3.3	339	90.1	376	100
Question 2	12	3.1	7	1.9	74	19.8	41	10.8	242	64.4	376	100
Question 3	233	61.9	74	19.7	36	9.6	24	6.5	9	2.3	376	100
Question 4	21	5.5	37	9.9	65	17.2	111	29.6	142	37.8	376	100
Question 5	11	2.8	35	9.2	68	18.1	110	29.2	152	40.7	376	100
Question 6	15	3.9	39	10.4	53	14.2	95	25.2	174	46.3	376	100
Question 7	29	7.8	36	9.7	44	11.8	98	25.8	169	44.9	376	100
Question 8	16	4.2	23	6.1	48	12.7	85	22.7	204	54.3	376	100
Question 9	161	42.7	89	23.7	53	14.1	46	12.3	27	7.2	376	100
Question 10	209	55.7	76	20.1	42	11.3	35	9.3	14	3.6	376	100
Average (I)	72		43		48		66		147
Total (II)	376
Average % (II)		19.1		11.3		12.9		17.5		39.2
Total % (III)		100