Use of hydroenergy resources in hydrographic basins
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18225259Keywords:
environmental impacts, hydropower, water resourcesAbstract
Introduction: Hydropower, which accounts for 16 % of global electricity generation, is a key renewable energy source. Its utilization depends on river basins but faces challenges such as climate variability, water competition, and environmental and social impacts. Objective: To analyze the fundamental aspects of harnessing hydroenergy resources in river basins for local development, integrating technical and environmental considerations, as well as the effects of climate change. Method: Methodologies were used to estimate water balance, flow rate, head, and turbine efficiency. Environmental impacts were assessed, taking into account community participation. Results: Hydropower potential depends on factors such as topography, flow rate, and precipitation. In the Chambas Basin, the evaluated turbine showed an efficiency of over 90 % for half of the year, reducing CO₂ emissions. However, climate change alters precipitation and temperature patterns, affecting water availability and energy generation. Conclusion: Sustainable management of water resources and hydropower requires an integrated approach that considers water availability, flow rate, hydropower potential, and the impacts of climate change. Adaptation and mitigation strategies are essential to ensure the sustainability of this renewable energy source.
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