Current and potential distribution of Agave (Agave spp.) in the Province of Cotopaxi

Abstract

In Ecuador, agave cultivation is carried out mainly on a small scale, standing out as a sustainable practice. This plant, which requires little maintenance and can thrive in marginal soils, is attracting growing interest due to its many applications. In addition to being used in the production of water, honey, fiber for crafts, threads, among other uses, agave plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change. During its photosynthesis process, the agave has the remarkable ability to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, thus contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases. In addition, its extensive and deep roots help stabilize the soil and store carbon in it, strengthening the resilience of the ecosystem against environmental degradation. Its resistance to drought makes it a valuable crop in regions affected by this phenomenon, where it can survive with little water availability. In the province of Cotopaxi, specifically in the Latacunga canton, various areas have been identified with a high potential for agave production. Parishes such as 11 de Noviembre, Aláquez, Belisario Quevedo, Guaytacama, Joseguango Bajo, Latacunga, Mulaló, Poaló, San Juan de Pastocalle, Tanicuchi and Toacaso stand out for their favorable agroecological conditions and their capacity to host this crop. The variations in temperature and precipitation, typical of the region, do not represent a significant obstacle for the agave, thanks to its succulent nature and its adaptability to adverse conditions. This not only promotes environmental resilience, but also represents an opportunity for the sustainable development of the province, both from an economic, social and environmental point of view.